Subject: siimple ignition
From: rotaryeng
Date: 4/8/2012, 1:07 PM
To: AAAA Put this in the To box


 It's spring planting time in Wisconsin, and I my Briggs & Stratton
 powered rototiller lost all spark.  I had to spring for what amounts
 to a "new magneto".

 Why wouldn't something like this work on a rotary/Wankel engine?
 Two screws and a wire for the kill-switch is all that is required to
 install this unit externally to the flywheel.

 http://www.ebay.com/itm/Briggs-Stratton-Ignition-Coil-492341-495859-
 NEW-/260635372094?pt=LH_DefaultDomain_0&hash=item3caf142a3e

 Admittedly, my Briggs has its problems. The armature/flywheel magnet
 air-gap is supposed to be 0.010, and my Briggs flywheel was probably
 cast in China where some guy did not know the meaning of the term
 "round" , so I have to run my engine with a considerably larger air-gap
 to allow the flywheel to rotate all the way around (thereby
 producing a weaker spark), but it does start/run quite well (without
 a computer ):)

 R Berglund

 Good price for an outboard type of ignition.

 It runs at 3600 RPM where the timing is fixed  more or less.

 What is the OD of the magnet/flywheel?

 http://www.foxvalleykart.com/timing2.html

 Paul Lamar

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 How does the Magnetron Ignition System function? How can it be
 tested? Ignition System Theory and Testing

 Now let's look at the venerable Briggs & Stratton and its
 "Magnetron" ignitions system. It seemed impossible to believe when
 Briggs told us we could yank out the points and condenser that had
 served us to well for years and plug that little box in their place.
 Well, not only does it work, but also it works better than the old
 points ever did. Here's how: The magnetron coil actually contains 3
 separate coils of windings. In addition to the primary and secondary
 windings, there is a 3rd winding, called the "trigger" coil." When
 the leading edge of the magnets in the flywheel approach the coil,
 the magnetic field surrounding those magnets generates a small
 voltage (about 1 volt) that powers a solid-state switching device
 called a Darlington Transistor, turning the transistor "on." That
 "on" mode completes the circuit on the primary winding and a current
 of about 3 amps flows to ground on the crankcase
 (Figure 2). As the flywheel continues to rotate that current builds
 the magnetic field in the secondary winding.

 When the trailing edge of the magnets in the spark plug gap. the
 flywheel reaches the trigger coil, a second small current is induced
 in the trigger coil and that current tells the transistor to "turn
 off", effectively breaking the circuit of the primary winding to
 ground (Figure 3). As we discussed last month, the sudden break
 causes the magnetic field to collapse. Since current (amperage) and
 voltage are inversely proportional, suddenly stopping the current
 flow causes the voltage to "spike" as it compensates. It's that
 spike that builds the voltage required in the secondary winding to
 jump the sparkplug gap and ignite the mixture. By the way, in the
 Magnetron coil, the primary winding has 74 turns of wire and the
 secondary has 4400. That's a 59.5:1 ratio and that helps insure that
 there's enough voltage to get the job done. All this, the initial
 current in the trigger coil, the buildup of potential, the second
 trigger coil pulse, and the collapsing field with the resulting
 voltage spike and spark, in on about 10 degrees of crank rotation.
 That means that at 6000 RPM the whole thing, start to finish, only
 takes about 0.00027 seconds. Pretty amazing.

 This simple, but very effective, spark control system even advances
 the ignition timing, causing the plug to fire earlier (in degrees of
 crank rotation) as RPMs go up. You may recall from the part on of
 this series (NKN January,2000) that "the rate at which (the)
 potential develops determines its magnitude." In other words, the
 faster you spin the magnet on the flywheel past the windings in the
 coil, the greater the potential voltage that is developed. Since it
 only takes about 1.0 volts from the trigger coil to turn the
 Darlington transistor on (and off), the faster (in terms of crank
 rotation degrees) the potential builds to the required 1.0 volts,
  the earlier the induced current in the primary side of the coil
 will begin to build. And likewise, the earlier the second trigger
 coil potential reaches 1.0 volts, the earlier it will turn the
 transistor off and trigger the spark process. Take a look at Figure
 3 to see how this advances the timing. I know this sounds like a lot
 of engineering gobbledygook. But what it means to you as a racer is,
 the faster you turn the engine, the earlier the spark occurs in the
 rotation of the crank. "Advancing" the spark is something that
 engine tuners from karts to NASCAR have played with for years. Most
 big-car ignition systems have had built-in ignition advance for
 decades. In more recent years, old mechanical systems to change the
 timing in the distributor have been replaced with sophisticated
 electronic engine control systems. The Briggs "Magnetron" system
 does exactly that, cleanly, efficiently, and reliably.

 Probably the most commonly used ignition-tuning tool on the Briggs &
 Stratton 4stroke is the offset flywheel key. Every kart shop carries
 them and the savvy Briggs racer carries a selection to adjust the
 engine to the track. Basically, these little machined pieces replace
 the stock Briggs 1/8" X 1/8" flywheel key. Although they are
 sometimes marked in thousandths of an inch offset, more commonly
 they are identified by degrees of offset. In other words, how many
 degrees of crank rotation do they move the flywheel from the stock
 position. Most engine builders building methanol-burning Stock-class
 engines usually send their engines out the door with 5 degrees or so
 of offset. That amount of advance provides a reasonably safe
 performance increase without too many headaches for the less
 experienced or adventurous tuner. Part of that improved performance
 comes from starting the combustion process itself earlier and thus
 optimizing the point at which the combustion chamber pressure
 reaches its peak. Another part comes from the fact that the
 methanol/air mixture burns somewhat more slowly than a gasoline/air
 mixture for which the engine was designed. So you gas-classers out
 there take note; 2 or 3 degrees is a better place for you to start.

 The 1980's ushered in the magic black box, [WINDOWS-1252?]Magnetron™
ignition coil,
 Briggs & Stratton's first truly electronic ignition system. Breaker
 point ignition systems for most small air-cooled engine
 manufacturers have totally disappeared over the last 20 years. In a
 point style system, the flywheel magnets rotate past the legs of the
 ignition armature. The armature itself is made up of two separate
 windings of copper wire - the primary and secondary - one wound on
 top of the other. Basic physics tells us that when a magnetic field
 (flywheel magnet) cuts through (moves past) a conductor
 (copper wire), a flow of electrons (electricity) is created. However,
  electron flow only occurs when we have a complete circuit.  This
 means that the points must be closed. We're also told that the
 faster the movement between the field and the conductor, the greater
 the output.

 Remember science class in grade school? At one point in your school
 career, an enterprising teacher wrapped a length of copper wire
 around a nail and hooked the wire ends to a dry cell battery. A
 handful of paper clips was instantly attracted to the nail and fell
 away when the battery was disconnected. Electron flow through a
 conductor then, causes a magnetic field. When the points close,
  electron flow causes a magnetic field to be created around the
 primary. This field also envelopes the secondary. The points now
 open, break the circuit and collapse the field through the primary.
 The field caving in on itself is movement just like the rotating magnetic
 field of the flywheel. This movement is at speeds much greater than
 the flywheel could spin - near the speed of light. The rapidly
 collapsing field tears through the secondary winding which has sixty
 turns of wire for every one turn of the primary - effectively
 generating 60 times the voltage created in the primary. The sum
 total of this is that the secondary winding can create up to 25,000
 volts in some systems, which is used to jump the air gap of the
 spark plug and ignite the fuel/air mixture in the combustion chamber.

 Now for the black box. [WINDOWS-1252?]Magnetron™ solid state ignition
systems, in
 essence, replace the mechanical breaker points with a transistor.
 That is, we replace a mechanical switch with an electronic one. No
 moving parts, no arcing, no adjustments and solid state reliability.

 Remember speed is a factor. The engine must be pulled over at a
 minimum speed of 250 RPM before the coil will even think about
 firing. Thick oil on a winter day or a heavy parasitic load may
 cause problems. Customers come into play here as well. Shorter or
 elderly individuals may not have the leverage or strength required
 to reach the RPM required to activate the Magnetron's electronics.

 The tester electrode gap is .166" wide. Those wise in the way of
 electrons have calculated that it takes around 13,000 volts to jump
 this gap. We need 10,000 to jump the gap on a cold spark plug.

 When under compression, the plug requires twice the voltage to fire.

 Briggs & Stratton air gaps cannot be made too wide to prevent spark
 providing the coil is healthy and the engine is spun over fast
 enough. A wide air gap, say .030" will ever so slightly retard the
 ignition timing as the magnetic field takes longer to build within
 the coil windings.

 B&S


  Years ago I had the weapon 1 and an old B&S powered lawn mower. Something
happened to the ignition and it would not run. Had it apart a few times. I
found I could make it run with an old 6V coil and a lantern battery with the
points to trigger it. The only problem was when weapon 1 mowed the lawn. She
could not get used to the idea to remove the + wire she had to connect to
start it when done. She would just kick the plug ground over and it quit. Next
time I went to mow the battery was dead. No training the girl!
 One day a sales man came into the service station and divulged he had an
electronic ignition module for lawn mowers. Just out. I bought one for this
old mower (had tried to get the original but told it was obsolete). When it
came, I installed it with great anticipation only to be let down. It did not
work so I removed it to give it back. He did not want to give my money back
but sent another which did work. I think I still have the coil around
somewhere. Saved on batteries and temper! No points to ever adjust either.

Dale Davies

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